Set Theory
This is not a method but rather a concept or theory. Some of the math problem may require the knowledge of union and intersection. Unfortunately, these
concepts are only taught at higher grade (usually in high school/middle school level). At primary school, these two concepts can still
be imparted using the compare and contrast concepts. They can eventually resolve the mathematical problems using the relevant concepts and strategy.
Firstly, identify the items and their quantities in the given set of problem. Secondly, compare and contrast the different quantities of the items. Solve the problem using equation.
Take for example
A can with 40 marbles in it has the total mass of 135 g. The same can with 20 marbles has a mass of 75 g. What is the mass of the can?
To devise the solution, we write an equation that relates the number of marbles to the mass of marbles. Hence, you need
to seperate the mass of the marbles and the number of the marbles as different set.
Consider the 2 can of marbles, the common attibutes is the mass of the marble. They all should be identical.
Now focus on the different. As you can see it is the number of marbles, one of them have 20 more hence difference in their masses.
So we need to find out the different caused by the different in quantity.
Different in qty : 40 - 20 = 20
Different in mass: 135g - 75 g = 60 g
Equating means 20 marbles = 60g.
So if using the can with the 20 marbles, we can devise the mass of the can by calculate the different:
Mass of second can with 20 marbles = 75 g
Mass of 20 marbles = 60 g
75g - 60g = 15 g
So the solution for the mass of the tin has been resolved
When you made comparison and contrast the two entities (2 cans of marbles), you have applied the set concepts of union and intersection.
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